Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	21
Number of observations	5318
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	872.6 KiB
Average record size in memory	168.0 B

Variable types

NUM	21

Reproduction

Analysis started	2020-07-19 18:07:05.625354
Analysis finished	2020-07-19 18:08:47.818735
Duration	1 minute and 42.19 seconds
Version	pandas-profiling v2.8.0
Command line	`pandas_profiling --config_file config.yaml [YOUR_FILE.csv]`
Download configuration	config.yaml

Warnings

`std_fixed_acidity` is highly correlated with `fixed acidity`	High correlation
`fixed acidity` is highly correlated with `std_fixed_acidity`	High correlation
`std_volatile_acidity` is highly correlated with `volatile acidity`	High correlation
`volatile acidity` is highly correlated with `std_volatile_acidity`	High correlation
`std_citric_acid` is highly correlated with `citric acid`	High correlation
`citric acid` is highly correlated with `std_citric_acid`	High correlation
`std_residual_sugar` is highly correlated with `residual sugar`	High correlation
`residual sugar` is highly correlated with `std_residual_sugar`	High correlation
`std_free_sulfur_dioxide` is highly correlated with `free sulfur dioxide`	High correlation
`free sulfur dioxide` is highly correlated with `std_free_sulfur_dioxide`	High correlation
`std_alcohol` is highly correlated with `alcohol`	High correlation
`alcohol` is highly correlated with `std_alcohol`	High correlation
`std_density` is highly correlated with `density`	High correlation
`density` is highly correlated with `std_density`	High correlation
`df_index` has unique values	Unique
`citric acid` has 136 (2.6%) zeros	Zeros
`std_citric_acid` has 136 (2.6%) zeros	Zeros
`std_residual_sugar` has 77 (1.4%) zeros	Zeros

df_index
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

UNIQUE

Distinct count	5318
Unique (%)	100.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3190.1861602106055
Minimum	0
Maximum	6496
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	304.85
Q1	1566.5
median	3138.5
Q3	4806.75
95-th percentile	6186.15
Maximum	6496
Range	6496
Interquartile range (IQR)	3240.25

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1882.325731
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.590036329
Kurtosis	-1.188406186
Mean	3190.18616
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1619
Skewness	0.05131095624
Sum	16965410
Variance	3543150.156

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4094	1	< 0.1%
2628	1	< 0.1%
4683	1	< 0.1%
2636	1	< 0.1%
589	1	< 0.1%
4687	1	< 0.1%
2640	1	< 0.1%
593	1	< 0.1%
4691	1	< 0.1%
2644	1	< 0.1%
Other values (5308)	5308	99.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
1	1	< 0.1%
2	1	< 0.1%
3	1	< 0.1%
5	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6496	1	< 0.1%
6495	1	< 0.1%
6494	1	< 0.1%
6493	1	< 0.1%
6492	1	< 0.1%

fixed acidity
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	106
Unique (%)	2.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.282274607678895
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	1.0
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.1487603306
Q1	0.2148760331
median	0.2644628099
Q3	0.3223140496
95-th percentile	0.4958677686
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.1074380165

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1090724514
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3864054663
Kurtosis	4.587585048
Mean	0.2822746077
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.04958677686
Skewness	1.65005523
Sum	1501.136364
Variance	0.01189679966

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.2479338843	279	5.2%
0.2314049587	269	5.1%
0.2148760331	246	4.6%
0.2561983471	225	4.2%
0.2644628099	223	4.2%
0.2396694215	211	4.0%
0.2809917355	201	3.8%
0.2727272727	200	3.8%
0.2231404959	197	3.7%
0.1983471074	177	3.3%
Other values (96)	3090	58.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
0.00826446281	1	< 0.1%
0.03305785124	2	< 0.1%
0.04958677686	3	0.1%
0.05785123967	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	< 0.1%
0.9752066116	2	< 0.1%
0.9669421488	1	< 0.1%
0.9256198347	1	< 0.1%
0.867768595	1	< 0.1%

volatile acidity
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	187
Unique (%)	3.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.1761138272533534
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	1.0
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.05333333333
Q1	0.1
median	0.1466666667
Q3	0.22
95-th percentile	0.4
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.12

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1121762143
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.6369529075
Kurtosis	2.861537205
Mean	0.1761138273
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.05333333333
Skewness	1.504115403
Sum	936.5733333
Variance	0.01258350306

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.1333333333	231	4.3%
0.12	219	4.1%
0.1066666667	219	4.1%
0.1266666667	188	3.5%
0.1133333333	186	3.5%
0.09333333333	183	3.4%
0.08	178	3.3%
0.1	178	3.3%
0.1466666667	168	3.2%
0.16	164	3.1%
Other values (177)	3404	64.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	< 0.1%
0.003333333333	1	< 0.1%
0.006666666667	1	< 0.1%
0.01333333333	6	0.1%
0.01666666667	4	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	< 0.1%
0.8333333333	2	< 0.1%
0.7733333333	1	< 0.1%
0.7366666667	1	< 0.1%
0.7333333333	1	< 0.1%

citric acid
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
ZEROS

Distinct count	89
Unique (%)	1.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.1918807233446762
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	1.0
Zeros	136
Zeros (%)	2.6%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.02409638554
Q1	0.1445783133
median	0.186746988
Q3	0.2409638554
95-th percentile	0.3373493976
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.09638554217

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.0886605652
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4620608243
Kurtosis	2.581238061
Mean	0.1918807233
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.0421686747
Skewness	0.4838167655
Sum	1020.421687
Variance	0.007860695822

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.1807228916	264	5.0%
0.1927710843	240	4.5%
0.1686746988	235	4.4%
0.2951807229	232	4.4%
0.2048192771	203	3.8%
0.156626506	203	3.8%
0.1746987952	198	3.7%
0.186746988	188	3.5%
0.1445783133	184	3.5%
0.1626506024	179	3.4%
Other values (79)	3192	60.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	136	2.6%
0.006024096386	31	0.6%
0.01204819277	44	0.8%
0.01807228916	26	0.5%
0.02409638554	34	0.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	< 0.1%
0.7409638554	1	< 0.1%
0.6024096386	6	0.1%
0.5963855422	1	< 0.1%
0.5481927711	1	< 0.1%

residual sugar
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	316
Unique (%)	5.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.06824547721939841
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	1.0
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.007668711656
Q1	0.01840490798
median	0.03220858896
Q3	0.1058282209
95-th percentile	0.2116564417
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.08742331288

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.06902830452
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.011470757
Kurtosis	7.023430249
Mean	0.06824547722
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.02300613497
Skewness	1.706026823
Sum	362.9294479
Variance	0.004764906825

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.01533742331	200	3.8%
0.02147239264	200	3.8%
0.01226993865	194	3.6%
0.01840490798	193	3.6%
0.009202453988	172	3.2%
0.0245398773	158	3.0%
0.01380368098	150	2.8%
0.01993865031	149	2.8%
0.02300613497	148	2.8%
0.01687116564	148	2.8%
Other values (306)	3606	67.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
0.001533742331	7	0.1%
0.003067484663	25	0.5%
0.004601226994	36	0.7%
0.00536809816	3	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	< 0.1%
0.4754601227	1	< 0.1%
0.3903374233	1	< 0.1%
0.3512269939	1	< 0.1%
0.3374233129	1	< 0.1%

chlorides
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	214
Unique (%)	4.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.07923663006225956
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	1.0
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.03156146179
Q1	0.04817275748
median	0.06312292359
Q3	0.09468438538
95-th percentile	0.157807309
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.04651162791

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.06123721418
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.7728397098
Kurtosis	48.26517633
Mean	0.07923663006
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.01827242525
Skewness	5.339077121
Sum	421.3803987
Variance	0.0037499964

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.04485049834	165	3.1%
0.05813953488	160	3.0%
0.05481727575	158	3.0%
0.06146179402	156	2.9%
0.05149501661	152	2.9%
0.06312292359	148	2.8%
0.06478405316	143	2.7%
0.04817275748	142	2.7%
0.06810631229	141	2.7%
0.0415282392	138	2.6%
Other values (204)	3815	71.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
0.004983388704	1	< 0.1%
0.006644518272	1	< 0.1%
0.008305647841	4	0.1%
0.009966777409	3	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	< 0.1%
0.9983388704	1	< 0.1%
0.7607973422	1	< 0.1%
0.7558139535	1	< 0.1%
0.6860465116	1	< 0.1%

free sulfur dioxide
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	135
Unique (%)	2.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.10080021729137938
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	1.0
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.01736111111
Q1	0.05208333333
median	0.09375
Q3	0.1388888889
95-th percentile	0.2083333333
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.08680555556

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.06182071096
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.6132993819
Kurtosis	9.528239672
Mean	0.1008002173
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.04166666667
Skewness	1.363771546
Sum	536.0555556
Variance	0.003821800304

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.01736111111	150	2.8%
0.09722222222	144	2.7%
0.08680555556	134	2.5%
0.04861111111	132	2.5%
0.07986111111	128	2.4%
0.05555555556	124	2.3%
0.1041666667	124	2.3%
0.1145833333	124	2.3%
0.07638888889	121	2.3%
0.09375	115	2.2%
Other values (125)	4022	75.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	< 0.1%
0.003472222222	2	< 0.1%
0.006944444444	50	0.9%
0.01041666667	43	0.8%
0.01388888889	111	2.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	< 0.1%
0.5052083333	1	< 0.1%
0.4774305556	1	< 0.1%
0.4513888889	1	< 0.1%
0.4409722222	1	< 0.1%

total sulfur dioxide
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	276
Unique (%)	5.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.249096191874219
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	1.0
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.02995391705
Q1	0.1566820276
median	0.2534562212
Q3	0.340437788
95-th percentile	0.4608294931
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.1837557604

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1308383586
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5252523438
Kurtosis	-0.300810682
Mean	0.2490961919
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.08986175115
Skewness	0.06366693644
Sum	1324.693548
Variance	0.01711867609

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.2419354839	54	1.0%
0.2465437788	50	0.9%
0.2488479263	49	0.9%
0.2119815668	48	0.9%
0.267281106	48	0.9%
0.2811059908	46	0.9%
0.2557603687	44	0.8%
0.2188940092	43	0.8%
0.331797235	43	0.8%
0.2258064516	43	0.8%
Other values (266)	4850	91.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	< 0.1%
0.002304147465	4	0.1%
0.004608294931	11	0.2%
0.006912442396	14	0.3%
0.009216589862	24	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	< 0.1%
0.8306451613	1	< 0.1%
0.7788018433	1	< 0.1%
0.7073732719	1	< 0.1%
0.6947004608	1	< 0.1%

density
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	998
Unique (%)	18.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.14317029011908292
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	1.0
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.05279545016
Q1	0.09812994024
median	0.1455561982
Q3	0.1862348178
95-th percentile	0.232369385
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.08810487758

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.05717257262
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3993326588
Kurtosis	8.713920947
Mean	0.1431702901
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.04357046462
Skewness	0.6660333553
Sum	761.3796029
Variance	0.00326870306

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.09427414691	60	1.1%
0.1945247735	59	1.1%
0.2099479468	53	1.0%
0.1096973202	53	1.0%
0.2022363601	52	1.0%
0.1868131868	51	1.0%
0.1174089069	50	0.9%
0.1212647002	50	0.9%
0.1752458068	49	0.9%
0.1829573935	48	0.9%
Other values (988)	4793	90.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
0.0003855793329	1	< 0.1%
0.002120686331	1	< 0.1%
0.005590900328	1	< 0.1%
0.005976479661	2	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	< 0.1%
0.4470792366	1	< 0.1%
0.319645267	1	< 0.1%
0.3101985734	1	< 0.1%
0.309234625	2	< 0.1%

pH
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	108
Unique (%)	2.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.39119299381069406
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	1.0
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.2015503876
Q1	0.3023255814
median	0.3798449612
Q3	0.4728682171
95-th percentile	0.6046511628
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.1705426357

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.124343644
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3178575433
Kurtosis	0.4312551428
Mean	0.3911929938
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.08527131783
Skewness	0.3903583769
Sum	2080.364341
Variance	0.0154613418

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.3410852713	156	2.9%
0.3875968992	154	2.9%
0.3255813953	146	2.7%
0.3333333333	144	2.7%
0.3720930233	142	2.7%
0.4031007752	141	2.7%
0.3565891473	139	2.6%
0.3643410853	136	2.6%
0.3100775194	130	2.4%
0.3488372093	127	2.4%
Other values (98)	3903	73.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
0.01550387597	2	< 0.1%
0.03875968992	1	< 0.1%
0.05426356589	2	< 0.1%
0.06201550388	3	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	2	< 0.1%
0.9147286822	2	< 0.1%
0.8759689922	1	< 0.1%
0.8527131783	1	< 0.1%
0.8449612403	1	< 0.1%

sulphates
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	111
Unique (%)	2.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.17606834536934135
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	1.0
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.07303370787
Q1	0.1179775281
median	0.1629213483
Q3	0.2134831461
95-th percentile	0.3210674157
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.09550561798

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.08413073285
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4778299738
Kurtosis	8.611916138
Mean	0.1760683454
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.04494382022
Skewness	1.809098753
Sum	936.3314607
Variance	0.00707798021

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.1573033708	212	4.0%
0.1348314607	196	3.7%
0.1797752809	194	3.6%
0.1235955056	182	3.4%
0.1460674157	170	3.2%
0.08988764045	165	3.1%
0.1685393258	162	3.0%
0.1404494382	161	3.0%
0.1516853933	159	3.0%
0.1292134831	157	3.0%
Other values (101)	3560	66.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
0.005617977528	1	< 0.1%
0.01685393258	4	0.1%
0.02247191011	3	0.1%
0.02808988764	10	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	< 0.1%
0.9887640449	1	< 0.1%
0.9719101124	1	< 0.1%
0.7865168539	1	< 0.1%
0.7808988764	1	< 0.1%

alcohol
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	111
Unique (%)	2.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.3694524838621181
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	1.0
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.1449275362
Q1	0.2173913043
median	0.347826087
Q3	0.4927536232
95-th percentile	0.6811594203
Maximum	1
Range	1
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.2753623188

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.171878793
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.465225707
Kurtosis	-0.5377448203
Mean	0.3694524839
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.1304347826
Skewness	0.5458655791
Sum	1964.748309
Variance	0.02954231949

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.2173913043	287	5.4%
0.2028985507	260	4.9%
0.1739130435	205	3.9%
0.2898550725	204	3.8%
0.3623188406	193	3.6%
0.4347826087	176	3.3%
0.2608695652	173	3.3%
0.1884057971	169	3.2%
0.347826087	166	3.1%
0.3188405797	158	3.0%
Other values (101)	3327	62.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	< 0.1%
0.05797101449	4	0.1%
0.07246376812	10	0.2%
0.08695652174	16	0.3%
0.1014492754	48	0.9%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	< 0.1%
0.8985507246	1	< 0.1%
0.8768115942	1	< 0.1%
0.8695652174	11	0.2%
0.8550724638	3	0.1%

quality
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	7
Unique (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	5.795599849567506
Minimum	3
Maximum	9
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	3
5-th percentile	5
Q1	5
median	6
Q3	6
95-th percentile	7
Maximum	9
Range	6
Interquartile range (IQR)	1

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.879714873
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1517901332
Kurtosis	0.2994655766
Mean	5.79559985
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	0.1474702912
Sum	30821
Variance	0.7738982578

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6	2323	43.7%
5	1751	32.9%
7	855	16.1%
4	206	3.9%
8	148	2.8%
3	30	0.6%
9	5	0.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	30	0.6%
4	206	3.9%
5	1751	32.9%
6	2323	43.7%
7	855	16.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9	5	0.1%
8	148	2.8%
7	855	16.1%
6	2323	43.7%
5	1751	32.9%

std_fixed_acidity
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	106
Unique (%)	2.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	1.9614535517852836
Minimum	1.33500106673234
Maximum	2.766319109226186
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1.335001067
5-th percentile	1.722766598
Q1	1.85629799
median	1.945910149
Q3	2.041220329
95-th percentile	2.282382386
Maximum	2.766319109
Range	1.431318042
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.1849223385

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1677209065
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.0855084773
Kurtosis	1.668477037
Mean	1.961453552
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.08961215869
Skewness	0.8427240206
Sum	10431.00999
Variance	0.02813030248

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.916922612	279	5.2%
1.887069649	269	5.1%
1.85629799	246	4.6%
1.931521412	225	4.2%
1.945910149	223	4.2%
1.902107526	211	4.0%
1.974081026	201	3.8%
1.960094784	200	3.8%
1.871802177	197	3.7%
1.824549292	177	3.3%
Other values (96)	3090	58.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.335001067	1	< 0.1%
1.360976553	1	< 0.1%
1.435084525	2	< 0.1%
1.481604541	3	0.1%
1.504077397	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.766319109	1	< 0.1%
2.747270914	2	< 0.1%
2.740840024	1	< 0.1%
2.708050201	1	< 0.1%
2.660259537	1	< 0.1%

std_volatile_acidity
Real number (ℝ)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	187
Unique (%)	3.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	-1.1686942976407284
Minimum	-2.5257286443082556
Maximum	0.4574248470388755
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	-2.525728644
5-th percentile	-1.832581464
Q1	-1.46967597
median	-1.203972804
Q3	-0.8915981193
95-th percentile	-0.3856624808
Maximum	0.457424847
Range	2.983153491
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.5780778508

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.4423802788
Coefficient of variation (CV)	-0.3785252309
Kurtosis	-0.2011904145
Mean	-1.168694298
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.2876820725
Skewness	0.3299671103
Sum	-6215.116275
Variance	0.1957003111

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-1.272965676	231	4.3%
-1.347073648	219	4.1%
-1.427116356	219	4.1%
-1.30933332	188	3.5%
-1.386294361	186	3.5%
-1.514127733	183	3.4%
-1.46967597	178	3.3%
-1.609437912	178	3.3%
-1.203972804	168	3.2%
-1.139434283	164	3.1%
Other values (177)	3404	64.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-2.525728644	2	< 0.1%
-2.465104022	1	< 0.1%
-2.407945609	1	< 0.1%
-2.302585093	6	0.1%
-2.253794929	4	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.457424847	1	< 0.1%
0.2851789422	2	< 0.1%
0.2151113796	1	< 0.1%
0.1697427746	1	< 0.1%
0.1655144385	1	< 0.1%

std_citric_acid
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
ZEROS

Distinct count	89
Unique (%)	1.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.5421781970843025
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	1.2884098726725126
Zeros	136
Zeros (%)	2.6%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.2
Q1	0.4898979486
median	0.5567764363
Q3	0.632455532
95-th percentile	0.7483314774
Maximum	1.288409873
Range	1.288409873
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.1425575835

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1567463665
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2891048872
Kurtosis	2.926399681
Mean	0.5421781971
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.06687848773
Skewness	-1.221647338
Sum	2883.303652
Variance	0.02456942341

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.5477225575	264	5.0%
0.5656854249	240	4.5%
0.5291502622	235	4.4%
0.7	232	4.4%
0.5099019514	203	3.8%
0.5830951895	203	3.8%
0.5385164807	198	3.7%
0.5567764363	188	3.5%
0.4898979486	184	3.5%
0.5196152423	179	3.4%
Other values (79)	3192	60.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	136	2.6%
0.1	31	0.6%
0.1414213562	44	0.8%
0.1732050808	26	0.5%
0.2	34	0.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.288409873	1	< 0.1%
1.109053651	1	< 0.1%
1	6	0.1%
0.9949874371	1	< 0.1%
0.9539392014	1	< 0.1%

std_residual_sugar
Real number (ℝ)

HIGH CORRELATION
ZEROS

Distinct count	316
Unique (%)	5.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	1.2604991241345513
Minimum	-0.5108256237659907
Maximum	4.186619838331271
Zeros	77
Zeros (%)	1.4%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	-0.5108256238
5-th percentile	0.0953101798
Q1	0.5877866649
median	0.993251773
Q3	2.014903021
95-th percentile	2.667228207
Maximum	4.186619838
Range	4.697445462
Interquartile range (IQR)	1.427116356

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.8404588387
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.6667666979
Kurtosis	-1.133897628
Mean	1.260499124
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.6567795364
Skewness	0.3258942942
Sum	6703.334342
Variance	0.7063710595

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.4700036292	200	3.8%
0.6931471806	200	3.8%
0.3364722366	194	3.6%
0.5877866649	193	3.6%
0.1823215568	172	3.2%
0.7884573604	158	3.0%
0.4054651081	150	2.8%
0.6418538862	149	2.8%
0.5306282511	148	2.8%
0.7419373447	148	2.8%
Other values (306)	3606	67.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-0.5108256238	1	< 0.1%
-0.3566749439	7	0.1%
-0.2231435513	25	0.5%
-0.1053605157	36	0.7%
-0.05129329439	3	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4.186619838	1	< 0.1%
3.453157121	1	< 0.1%
3.260017768	1	< 0.1%
3.157000421	1	< 0.1%
3.117949906	1	< 0.1%

std_chlorides
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct count	214
Unique (%)	4.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	-2.98535150305032
Minimum	-4.710530701645918
Maximum	-0.49265831981054176
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	-4.710530702
5-th percentile	-3.575550769
Q1	-3.270169119
median	-3.057607677
Q3	-2.718100537
95-th percentile	-2.26336438
Maximum	-0.4926583198
Range	4.217872382
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.5520685823

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.4420033191
Coefficient of variation (CV)	-0.1480573791
Kurtosis	2.300369307
Mean	-2.985351503
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.2607262625
Skewness	0.913695014
Sum	-15876.09929
Variance	0.1953669341

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-3.324236341	165	3.1%
-3.123565645	160	3.0%
-3.170085661	158	3.0%
-3.079113882	156	2.9%
-3.218875825	152	2.9%
-3.057607677	148	2.8%
-3.036554268	143	2.7%
-3.270169119	142	2.7%
-2.995732274	141	2.7%
-3.381394754	138	2.6%
Other values (204)	3815	71.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-4.710530702	1	< 0.1%
-4.422848629	1	< 0.1%
-4.342805922	1	< 0.1%
-4.268697949	4	0.1%
-4.199705078	3	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-0.4926583198	1	< 0.1%
-0.4942963218	1	< 0.1%
-0.7614260213	1	< 0.1%
-0.7678707268	1	< 0.1%
-0.8627499649	1	< 0.1%

std_free_sulfur_dioxide
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	135
Unique (%)	2.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.195709316672157
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	5.666426688112432
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	1.791759469
Q1	2.772588722
median	3.33220451
Q3	3.713572067
95-th percentile	4.110873864
Maximum	5.666426688
Range	5.666426688
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.9409833445

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.7030299733
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2199918402
Kurtosis	0.3238164863
Mean	3.195709317
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.4418327523
Skewness	-0.7889486262
Sum	16994.78215
Variance	0.4942511434

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.791759469	150	2.8%
3.36729583	144	2.7%
3.258096538	134	2.5%
2.708050201	132	2.5%
3.17805383	128	2.4%
3.433987204	124	2.3%
3.526360525	124	2.3%
2.833213344	124	2.3%
3.135494216	121	2.3%
3.33220451	115	2.2%
Other values (125)	4022	75.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	< 0.1%
0.6931471806	2	< 0.1%
1.098612289	50	0.9%
1.386294361	43	0.8%
1.609437912	111	2.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5.666426688	1	< 0.1%
4.987025428	1	< 0.1%
4.930870326	1	< 0.1%
4.875197323	1	< 0.1%
4.852030264	1	< 0.1%

std_alcohol
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	111
Unique (%)	2.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	2.3499030865611767
Minimum	2.0794415416798357
Maximum	2.7013612129514133
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	2.079441542
5-th percentile	2.197224577
Q1	2.251291799
median	2.341805806
Q3	2.433613355
95-th percentile	2.541601993
Maximum	2.701361213
Range	0.6219196713
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.1823215568

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1102245142
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.04690598297
Kurtosis	-0.7701589841
Mean	2.349903087
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.09051400754
Skewness	0.3604808509
Sum	12496.78461
Variance	0.01214944352

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.251291799	287	5.4%
2.240709689	260	4.9%
2.219203484	205	3.9%
2.302585093	204	3.8%
2.351375257	193	3.6%
2.397895273	176	3.3%
2.282382386	173	3.3%
2.2300144	169	3.2%
2.341805806	166	3.1%
2.32238772	158	3.0%
Other values (101)	3327	62.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.079441542	2	< 0.1%
2.128231706	4	0.1%
2.140066163	10	0.2%
2.151762203	16	0.3%
2.163323026	48	0.9%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.701361213	1	< 0.1%
2.653241965	1	< 0.1%
2.642622396	1	< 0.1%
2.63905733	11	0.2%
2.63188884	3	0.1%

std_density
Real number (ℝ)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	998
Unique (%)	18.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	-0.005483177136146001
Minimum	-0.012973796923762338
Maximum	0.03823946265366855
Zeros	23
Zeros (%)	0.4%
Memory size	41.5 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	-0.01297379692
5-th percentile	-0.01020337787
Q1	-0.007830579115
median	-0.005354308762
Q3	-0.00323522771
95-th percentile	-0.0008373505056
Maximum	0.03823946265
Range	0.05121325958
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.004595351405

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.002979006528
Coefficient of variation (CV)	-0.5432993416
Kurtosis	7.954555702
Mean	-0.005483177136
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.002274718403
Skewness	0.6220277549
Sum	-29.15953601
Variance	8.874479892e-06

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-0.008032171697	60	1.1%
-0.002803927333	59	1.1%
-0.002002002671	53	1.0%
-0.007226045092	53	1.0%
-0.002402884616	52	1.0%
-0.003205130949	51	1.0%
-0.006621876309	50	0.9%
-0.006823225348	50	0.9%
-0.003807238343	49	0.9%
-0.003405793135	48	0.9%
Other values (988)	4793	90.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-0.01297379692	1	< 0.1%
-0.01295353596	1	< 0.1%
-0.01286236672	1	< 0.1%
-0.01268005316	1	< 0.1%
-0.01265979815	2	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.03823946265	1	< 0.1%
0.01024731645	1	< 0.1%
0.003683208652	1	< 0.1%
0.003194890897	1	< 0.1%
0.003145049144	2	< 0.1%

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Count
Matrix

First rows

	df_index	fixed acidity	volatile acidity	citric acid	residual sugar	chlorides	free sulfur dioxide	total sulfur dioxide	density	pH	sulphates	alcohol	quality	std_fixed_acidity	std_volatile_acidity	std_citric_acid	std_residual_sugar	std_chlorides	std_free_sulfur_dioxide	std_alcohol	std_density
0	0	0.297521	0.413333	0.000000	0.019939	0.111296	0.034722	0.064516	0.206092	0.612403	0.191011	0.202899	5	2.001480	-0.356675	0.000000	0.641854	-2.577022	2.397895	2.240710	-0.002202
1	1	0.330579	0.533333	0.000000	0.030675	0.147841	0.083333	0.140553	0.186813	0.372093	0.258427	0.260870	5	2.054124	-0.127833	0.000000	0.955511	-2.322788	3.218876	2.282382	-0.003205
2	2	0.330579	0.453333	0.024096	0.026074	0.137874	0.048611	0.110599	0.190669	0.418605	0.241573	0.260870	5	2.054124	-0.274437	0.200000	0.832909	-2.385967	2.708050	2.282382	-0.003005
3	3	0.611570	0.133333	0.337349	0.019939	0.109635	0.055556	0.124424	0.209948	0.341085	0.202247	0.260870	6	2.415914	-1.272966	0.748331	0.641854	-2.590267	2.833213	2.282382	-0.002002
4	5	0.297521	0.386667	0.000000	0.018405	0.109635	0.041667	0.078341	0.206092	0.612403	0.191011	0.202899	5	2.001480	-0.415515	0.000000	0.587787	-2.590267	2.564949	2.240710	-0.002202
5	6	0.338843	0.346667	0.036145	0.015337	0.099668	0.048611	0.122120	0.179102	0.449612	0.134831	0.202899	5	2.066863	-0.510826	0.244949	0.470004	-2.673649	2.708050	2.240710	-0.003606
6	7	0.289256	0.380000	0.000000	0.009202	0.093023	0.048611	0.034562	0.144399	0.519380	0.140449	0.289855	7	1.987874	-0.430783	0.000000	0.182322	-2.733368	2.708050	2.302585	-0.005415
7	8	0.330579	0.333333	0.012048	0.021472	0.106312	0.027778	0.027650	0.186813	0.496124	0.196629	0.217391	7	2.054124	-0.544727	0.141421	0.693147	-2.617296	2.197225	2.251292	-0.003205
8	9	0.305785	0.280000	0.216867	0.084356	0.102990	0.055556	0.221198	0.206092	0.488372	0.325843	0.362319	5	2.014903	-0.693147	0.600000	1.808289	-2.645075	2.833213	2.351375	-0.002202
9	10	0.239669	0.333333	0.048193	0.018405	0.146179	0.048611	0.135945	0.169462	0.434109	0.179775	0.173913	5	1.902108	-0.544727	0.282843	0.587787	-2.333044	2.708050	2.219203	-0.004108

Last rows

	df_index	fixed acidity	volatile acidity	citric acid	residual sugar	chlorides	free sulfur dioxide	total sulfur dioxide	density	pH	sulphates	alcohol	quality	std_fixed_acidity	std_volatile_acidity	std_citric_acid	std_residual_sugar	std_chlorides	std_free_sulfur_dioxide	std_alcohol	std_density
5308	6487	0.247934	0.093333	0.216867	0.009202	0.071429	0.128472	0.278802	0.119337	0.248062	0.179775	0.173913	5	1.916923	-1.514128	0.600000	0.182322	-2.956512	3.637586	2.219203	-0.006723
5309	6488	0.090909	0.103333	0.162651	0.171012	0.034884	0.114583	0.258065	0.159823	0.271318	0.157303	0.202899	6	1.589235	-1.448170	0.519615	2.463853	-3.506558	3.526361	2.240710	-0.004611
5310	6489	0.190083	0.173333	0.174699	0.024540	0.044850	0.083333	0.216590	0.043763	0.263566	0.123596	0.550725	6	1.808289	-1.078810	0.538516	0.788457	-3.324236	3.218876	2.468100	-0.010677
5311	6490	0.157025	0.086667	0.192771	0.004601	0.048173	0.128472	0.264977	0.069983	0.403101	0.134831	0.376812	6	1.740466	-1.560648	0.565685	-0.105361	-3.270169	3.637586	2.360854	-0.009303
5312	6491	0.223140	0.100000	0.228916	0.010736	0.038206	0.097222	0.244240	0.113168	0.441860	0.179775	0.246377	5	1.871802	-1.469676	0.616441	0.262364	-3.442019	3.367296	2.272126	-0.007045
5313	6492	0.198347	0.086667	0.174699	0.015337	0.049834	0.079861	0.198157	0.077694	0.426357	0.157303	0.463768	6	1.824549	-1.560648	0.538516	0.470004	-3.244194	3.178054	2.415914	-0.008899
5314	6493	0.231405	0.160000	0.216867	0.113497	0.063123	0.194444	0.373272	0.150183	0.333333	0.134831	0.231884	5	1.887070	-1.139434	0.600000	2.079442	-3.057608	4.043051	2.261763	-0.005113
5315	6494	0.223140	0.106667	0.114458	0.009202	0.053156	0.100694	0.241935	0.104685	0.209302	0.134831	0.202899	6	1.871802	-1.427116	0.435890	0.182322	-3.194183	3.401197	2.240710	-0.007488
5316	6495	0.140496	0.140000	0.180723	0.007669	0.021595	0.065972	0.239631	0.030461	0.480620	0.089888	0.695652	7	1.704748	-1.237874	0.547723	0.095310	-3.816713	2.995732	2.549445	-0.011374
5317	6496	0.181818	0.086667	0.228916	0.003067	0.018272	0.072917	0.211982	0.044342	0.418605	0.056180	0.550725	6	1.791759	-1.560648	0.616441	-0.223144	-3.912023	3.091042	2.468100	-0.010646

Overview

Variables

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows